中文摘要：

我国南方陡山沱组的渗透矿化微体化石为认识埃迪卡拉动物辐射前的生物多样性，提供了异乎寻常的窗口；其中包括一些被视为早期动物胚胎的磷酸盐化球形化石。但是，一些学者将之与现生Thiomargarita sp．比较，把陡山沱组胚胎解释为巨大氧化硫细菌。湖北宜昌晓峰河剖面陡山沱组中发现Tianzhushania的大型具刺疑源类的膜壳中显示有1、2、4、8、16乃至数百个卵裂细胞标本，表明它们应是真核生物，很可能是在滞育卵囊胞中保存的早期卵裂的动物胚胎。此有力地论证了我国南方埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱组动物胚胎化石的保存，并将动物化石记录推前至632Ma前。为了区别Tianzhushania的已知形态种，新建Tianzhushania fissura sp．nov．和Tianzhushania confrerta sp．nov．两个新种，它们分别以含有不同数量卵裂细胞为特征。它们在陡山沱组中、上部的集中保存，可能与海平面变化或其它地质事件密切相关。而这需要更多有效年代地层资料加以合理解释。

英文摘要：

Permineralized microfossils of the Ediacaran （635-542 Myr ago） Doushantuo Formation, south China, provide an unusually clear window on biological diversity just before the Ediacara macro-organisms radiation. Some phosphatized spheroidal remains have been interpreted as the embryos of early animals. Some researchers, however, have proposed that the Dousha- ntuo embryos may be giant sulphur-oxidizing bacteria comparable to extant Thiomargarita sp. The discovery of embryo-like Doushantuo fossils displaying 1,2,4,8 and 16-cell stages, preserved inside large, highly ornamented organic vesicles, named as Tianzhushania as large acanthomorphic acritarchs, indicates that these organisms were eukaryotic, and most probably early cleavage stage embryos preserved within diapause egg cysts.