中文摘要：

目的研究慢性乙型肝炎（CI-IB）患者抗病毒治疗前后T细胞对HBV特异性抗原蛋白（HBeAg）的免疫应答特征。方法分别收集22例慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗前、治疗后3月、6月和12月的外周血，以HBeAg蛋白刺激外周血单个核细胞，采用酶联免疫斑点技术fELISPOT）检测产生IFN-1的HBeAg特异性T细胞的频率和强度。结果1）CHB患者抗病毒治疗前和治疗后3Jq、6月、12月总的T细胞反应频率分别为31．8％（7／22）、50．0％f11／22）、77．3％（17／22）和95．5％（21／22），治疗后12月反应频率明显高于治疗前和治疗后3月俨〈O．05），治疗后6月反应频率明显高于治疗前俨〈0．05），核苷类似物治疗组与干扰素治疗组治疗后T细胞反应频率均无明显差异俨〉0．05）。2）治疗后12月T细胞的反应强度明显高于治疗前、治疗后3月及治疗后6月俨〈0．05）。核苷类似物治疗组与干扰素治疗组均分别得出上述相同的结果。3）将患者T细胞的反应强度与HBVDNA载量（取对数值表示）做Spearman秩相关分析，rs=-0．186〈0，P=-O．041．P〈O．05，认为患者T细胞对HBeAg蛋白的反应强度与HBVDNA载量存在负相关关系。结论HBeAg可以刺激CHB患者产生特异性T细胞应答．且随着抗病毒治疗时间的延长，患者HBeAg特异性T细胞的应答频率和应答强度均有所增强，且与血清HBVDNA水平呈负相关关系。

英文摘要：

To analyze the characteristics of HBeAg specific T cell immune responses in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB） accepting antiviral therapy, total of 22 patients with CHB accepting antiviral therapy were enrolled in this study. PBMCs of patients were collected before treatment, 3 months after treatment, 6 months after treatment and 12 months after treatment. Then the PBMCs sample stimulated by HBeAg protein, and the frequency and strength of HBeAg specific T cell secreting IFN-~/were detected by ELISPOT assay. The data showed that the frequency of HBeAg specific T cell responses in patients at 12 months after treatment were significantly higher as compared with before and 3 months after treatment, and responses in patients at 6 months after treatment were significantly higher than those of before treatment （P〈 0.05）. The frequency of T cells responses between nucleoside analogue treatment group and alpha interferon treatment group was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. The spot forming cell （SFCs） of T cell responses in patients 12 months after treatment were significant higher than those of patients before treatment and 3 months and 6 months after treatment （P〈 0.05）. The same tendency appeared in the nucleoside analogue treatment group and alpha interferon treatment group. The SFCs of T cell responses to HBeAg had a negative correlation with serum HBV DNA levels （rs=-0.186〈0, P=0.041, P〈 0.05）. All these results suggested that antiviral therapy can improve virus specific T cell reactivity in CHB patients, and the HBeAg specific T cell responses would strengthened as the treatment went on. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between SFCs of T cell responses to HBeAg and HBV DNA levels.