中文摘要：

肾与脑在结构上相互联系，脑髓之充源于肾精，二者在生理上密切相关，病理上相互影响。老年痴呆的病位在脑之脉络，肾精不足，髓海不充，脑失所养，则神机失用。临床表现为记忆力减退、精神萎靡，呆傻愚笨等。肾精充足，髓海充盈，则脑髓充养。临床表现为记忆力强、精神饱满、意识清楚、思维灵敏，语言清晰等。故老年痴呆从肾论治受到越来越多医家的重视和认可，文章从肾精与脑髓之关系入手，论述了肾精亏虚，髓海不足，则脑神失养的理论，从而提出填精益髓法为治疗老年性痴呆的治本之法。

英文摘要：

Kidney and brain are related to each other in structure. Brain＇s energy is derived from kidney essence, and they are closely related in physiology,and interaction in pathology. Alzheimer＇s disease is rooted in the brain collaterals, the deficiency of kidney essence resulting in brain failing to be nourished, which can lead to Alzheimer＇s disease. The clinical manifestations of Alzheimer＇s disease include memory loss, mental decay, becoming dull and stupid,etc. If the kidney essence and brain essence are enough, the brain function will be good. The clinical manifestations include good memory, full of spirit and energy, clear conscious- ness, sensitive thinking, speech articulation, etc. Therefore the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease from kidney has attracted more and more doctors＇ attention and gained recognition. This article wrote from the relationship of kidney essence and brains, discussing the theory that the deficiency of kidney essence and brains lead to the brain failing to be nourished, and it proposed the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease should fundamentally be to replenish vital essence and nourish the marrow.