中文摘要：

用高分辨率地震体波速度成像以及相关的地球物理资料，计算地幔垂直流动形式及流动速度，得到全球地幔流垂直运动模式．从全球尺度来看，地幔流基本可划分为以下几个区域：欧亚大陆-澳大利亚、北美洲-南美洲为两个大规模下降流区域，西印度洋-非洲及大西洋、中南太平洋及东太平洋为两个大规模地幔上升流区域．地幔上升流起源于核幔边界，主要表现在地幔中部和上地幔下部．地幔垂直流动速度约每年1-4cm．地幔流动对地表板块运动、海洋中脊和中隆、俯冲带和碰撞带的分布起着控制作用．地幔上升流与地表现代热点有密切关系．从东亚尺度看，地幔流大体分为三个区域：东亚边缘裂谷系和西太平洋边缘海为上升流、西伯利亚地幔深度表现为物质下降流、青藏高原-缅甸-印度尼西亚特提斯俯冲带地幔下降流，这三个区域地幔流动与地表的西太平洋构造域、亚洲构造域和特提斯构造域相吻合．勾勒出南海地区构造特征：从上到下的大体结构是上部呈“工”字型、中间为圆柱型、底部星盾形的地幔上升流．

英文摘要：

Based on the high resolution body wave tomographic image and relevant geophysical data we calculated the form and vertical velocity of mantle flow; a global pattern of vertical mantle flow have been obtained. According to the view of global scale the mantle flow may be divided into several regions, two large scale mantle downwelling regions in Eurasian-Australian continents and North American-South American continents, and two large scale mantle upwelling regions in mid and south Pacific Ocean and west Indian Ocean- Africa-Atlantic Ocean. The mantle upwelling is originated from core-mantle boundary and mostly presents in the middle mantle and lower part of upper mantle. The velocities of vertical mantle flow are about 1 to 4 cm per year. The mantle flow controls the plate movement and the distribution of ocean ridges, subduction zones, and collision zones. The mantle upwelling regions are clearly related with locations of hot - spots on the Earth＇ s surface. There is an upwelling plume beneath East- Asia and Western Pacific which is the deep origin of the huge rift valley there; Siberian downwelling is from surface to near CMB; the tethyan subduction region centered in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is visible. The three regions of mantle convection beneath East-Asia and Western-Pacific agree with Western-Pacific, Asia and tethyan tectonic regions.