中文摘要：

销售电价改革呼声日涨，销售电价由市场决定是改革的最终目标，考虑到我国实际情况及电力行业作为国民经济的基础，实现销售电价由政府管制状态向市场化的平稳过渡是改革成功的关键。本文从电价制定者的角度出发，考虑基础产业价格的敏感性与社会福利最大化，设计出基于非线性规划理论和最优控制理论的销售电价静、动态调整模型，使用Kuhn—Tucker定理和Hamilton方法求解模型并给出仿真算例。结果表明：本文设计的静、动态调整模型均能实现电价有效平稳过渡，而基于最优控制的动态调整策略更能有效利用电力资源和充分增加社会整体福利。

英文摘要：

With the call for sales electricity price reform rises gradually, the ultimate objective of the reform is to let the sales electricity price decided by the market. Considering our country＇s real situation and the fact that the power industry take the foundation of the national economy , the key of the reform is the sales electricity price＇s stable transition from the government regulation to the market - determined mode. Proceeding from electricity price maker＇s angle and considering the sensitivity of the basic industry price and the maximization of so- cial welfare, this article designs the static adjustment model of electricity price based on the nonlinear programming theory and the the dy- namic model based on optimum control theory, by using the Kuhn -Tucker theorem and the Hamilton solution , we resolve this question and give the simulation example at last. The result indicats that： both the static and the dynamic models can make the transition successful, however, the latter one will help to use the electric power resources effectively much better and increase the social overall welfare more.