中文摘要：

为探讨抽水融冰技术解决严寒地区渠道冰害的效果，以新疆玛纳斯河流域红山嘴二级电站引水渠道为研究对象，对多口融冰井同时运行条件下引水渠道水温变化过程进行三维模拟，其模拟结果和原型观测结果平均相对误差为4．61％，验证了数值模拟的可靠性。在此基础上，通过改变井水流量、井前渠水流量和水温、外界大气温度等条件，对混合水温沿程变化过程进行了模拟。结果表明：1）仅将井水流量变为原来的50％和1．5倍时，井水注入量与混合水温成正比，且对混合水温的影响较大；2）仅将井前渠道水温分别降低和升高0．2和0．4℃时，井前渠道水温与混合水温成正比，且对混合水温的影响也较大，因此增大井水流量或者合理布置井群是抽水融冰最有效的方法；3）根据井前渠道水温为0．1℃，井前渠水流量分别为10、15、20和25m0／s，大气温度分别为-5、-10、-20和-30℃的模拟结果，得到了各井的不冻长度值，且随着井前渠道流量增大和外界大气温度降低，融冰井的不冻长度均随之减小，最后给出了在不同井前渠道流量和不同气温条件下融冰井的不冻长度和井的布置桩号等合理优化布置方案，此研究为解决寒区水电站引水渠道冰灾防治问题提供科学依据。

英文摘要：

In the northwest high altitude and cold regions, it＇s easy to produce ice for the long distance of diversion channel of diversion power station. Pumping well water to melt ice is an effective method to solve the ice problem for diversion power station in winter. In order to investigate the effect of pumping well water to melt ice on the increase of channel water temperature, the second diversion channel of Hongshanzui Water Power Station in Manas River of Xinjiang was selected as the study area, and a three-dimensional turbulence numerical model was proposed to simulate the change process of water temperature of diversion channel under the condition of multi-well running at the same time. The change process of water temperature obtained from the simulation was compared with that from the prototype observation experiment, and the results indicated that the calculation results were in a good agreement with the prototype observation results. The average relative error between them was 4.61%, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation. Thus, the water temperature change processes of diversion channel were simulated under the conditions of different discharge of well water, different discharge and temperature of channel water before wells, and different atmospheric temperature. Firstly, when the discharge and temperature of channel water were constant, and the discharge of well water was decreased by half or increased by half compared with the original value, the mixed water temperature was proportional to the discharge of well water and sensitive to it. At the same time, when the temperature of channel water was decreased and increased by 0.2 and 0.4 ℃, respectively, the mixed water temperature was proportional to the temperature of channel water and sensitive to it. It is concluded that it is the most effective way to pump well water to melt ice by increasing the discharge of well water and arranging the well group rationally. During the process of melting-ice wells running, each well not only af