中文摘要：

NH3是大气中含量仅次于NO和N2的含氮化合物,也是大气中重要的碱性气体,作为酸性污染物的中和剂,NH3越来越受到人们的重视。文章介绍了大气NH3的主要农业和非农业排放来源,并详细介绍了近年来大气NH3的光谱测量技术（光声光谱技术,量子级联激光吸收光谱技术,傅里叶红外分析技术,可调谐半导体激光器吸收光谱技术以及紫外差分吸收光谱技术）及其进展,总结并分析了这些技术的技术要点、应用领域以及在最近10年对大气NH3的测量结果和研究热点。

英文摘要：

Ammonia,the third most important abundant nitrogen compound,is a primary alkaline gas in the atmosphere.As a neutralizer of acid pollutants,ammonia has been attracted research interest.The principle sources of NH3 emission have been listed.Five Optical techniques of monitoring atmospheric NH3 currently were introduced in detail,including Photo-acoustic Spectroscopy（PAS）,Quantum Cascade Stimulated Absorption Spectra（QCLAS）,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）,Tunable Semiconductor Laser Absorption Spectrum（TDLAS） and UV Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy（UV-DOAS） and at last,it revealed the advantages and disadvantages among the above 5 techniques,especially to their measurement difficulties for ammonia and application areas.The recent progresses,achievements and key results on the 5 field techniques in the past decade are also put forward.