中文摘要：

MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类具有调控功能的小分子非编码RNA，在转录后水平调节多个靶基因的表达，对个体发育、细胞凋亡、增殖及分化等生命过程都有重要作用。近来研究发现miRNA一338在很多疾病中发生了异常表达，尤其与肿瘤的发生发展存在密切的联系。本文就miRNA一338与疾病关系的研究进展进行综述。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of endogenous small noncoding single -stranded RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at thepost - transcriptional level. MieroRNAs are involved in diverse biological processes, in- eluding development, cell differentiation and cell death. It was found that miRNA -338 played an important role in the course of oncogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the expression and location of miR- NA -338 and the regulatory network related to miRNA -338 in disease.