中文摘要：

针对北皂海域下软岩层覆盖的松软煤层的开采，建立相应的二维数值模型，应用有限差分Flac3D软件对其采煤过程进行了数值模拟，对顶板超前支承压力分布规律做了分析。得出了超前支承压力存在两个峰值，其峰值大小、位置受煤层采动影响的变化规律。定性研究了顶板刚度、煤体强度和埋深对超前支承压力分布的影响。研究对海底采煤的安全生产具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

Two-dimensional numerical model is built for mining soft coal covered by soft rock under Beizao sea area. Mining process is simulated and roof abutment pressure distribution law is analyzed with the help of finite difference software FLAC3D. The result shows that there are two stress peaks in the abutment pressure and its magnitude and location are affected by the mining. It is also concluded that the abutment pressure distribution is affected by the roof stiffness, coal strength and buried depth. It is significant for the mining under the sea.