中文摘要：

神经管畸形是一种发生率、病死率都很高的先天性出生缺陷,是引起死胎、死产以及影响新生儿健康成长的重要因素。神经管畸形多为环境因素和遗传因素共同作用的结果,其中,环境重金属污染已成为一个备受关注的影响因素。大量研究表明,妊娠期暴露于环境重金属（如铅、砷、镉、汞、铬等）会增大神经管畸形的发生风险。在环境污染日益严峻的形势下,笔者综述了环境重金属与神经管畸形之间的关联,为预防神经管畸形的发生提供重要的理论依据和技术支持。

英文摘要：

Neural tube defects is a kind of congenital birth defects,which has a high incidence and fatality rate. They are the mainly cause of stillbirths and important factors affecting the healthy growth of newborn. Neural tube defects are more complex interaction between environmental factors and genetic factors. Among them,the environmental pollution caused by heavy metal pollution has become a focus influencing factor. Numerous studies have found that environmental exposure during pregnancy,such as lead,arsenic,cadmium,mercury,chromium and other heavy metals can increase the risk of neural tube defects. This paper summarized the link between the heavy metals and neural tube defects in the situation of increasingly serious environmental pollution in order to provide important theoretical basis and technical support to prevent the occurrence of neural tube defects.