中文摘要：

合成了一系列不同类型的马来酸盐, 研究了马来酸盐对聚氯乙烯（PVC）热稳定性的影响。结果表明, 马来酸盐对PVC具有一定程度的稳定作用, 其中以马来酸钠和马来酸锌的效果最佳；不同的马来酸盐具有不同的分子结构, 而马来酸盐对PVC的稳定化作用与其分子结构和金属阳离子有很大的关系。马来酸盐对PVC的稳定机理：一方面, 马来酸盐可取代PVC中的氯原子, 或与氯原子络合阻止了PVC脱HCl, 或吸收HCl气体防止自身催化降解；另一方面, 马来酸盐中的马来酸根与PVC降解后的共轭烯烃发生Diels--Alder反应。

英文摘要：

A series of maleates with different metal cation were prepared, and their effects on PVC thermal stability were investigated in this work. The results show that maleates can improve the static stability and the colour stability of PVC on a high level, especially for maleic sodium and maleic zinc. The molecular structure and metal cation were thought to influence the stability effect of maleates. The thermal stability mechanism of maleates can be summarized as follows. Maleates can substitute or chelated the unstable chlorines in PVC chains, or absorb HCl on the one hand, can react with the conjugating double bonds by the Diels-Alder reaction on the other hand.