中文摘要：

吸波材料的理论设计是吸波材料研究的重要环节。合理的理论设计能有效提高实验工作的效率，缩短生产周期。针对吸波材料的设计方案，从等效电磁参数拟合、多层材料计算以及优化设计3个层次对当前吸波材料理论设计的进展进行了介绍和评述。随着纳米吸波材料的兴起，吸波设计理论需要进一步发展才能满足实际应用的需要。

英文摘要：

Theoretical design is an important part of the research in microwave absorbing materials. Reasonable theoretical design can remarkably improve the efficiency of experimental work and decrease the cycle time of production. Research progress in theoretical designs of microwave absorbing materials is introduced through three levels： fitting of the effective electromagnetic parameters, computation of multilayer materials and optimization of design. With the rising of nano microwave absorbing materials, theoretical designs of microwave absorption need further development to satisfy the demands of practical applications.