中文摘要：

电动汽车（EV）可控能量的时变性对其参与系统调频有重要影响。以我国4种类型EV的行驶规律为基础,结合EV状态转换特性,模拟计算各类EV的可控数量;在此基础上,计算EV初始储能和EV实时可控能量;最后建立计及EV实时可控能量动态变化的负荷频率控制模型。仿真结果表明：所提考虑交通属性的EV实时可控能量模型更加符合EV参与系统频率调整的规律,能有效抑制系统频率变化;在相同电池总能量下,电动私家车在各类型EV中,参与系统调频的时段最长,实时可控能量最多,调频效果最好。

英文摘要：

The time-varying characteristic of controllable EV（Electric Vehicle） energy has significant effect on its participation in the system frequency regulation. Based on the driving rules of four EV types in China,the controllable EV numbers of four EV types are calculated according to their state transition characteristics, based on which,the initial EV energy storage and real-time controllable EV energy are calculated. A load frequency control model considering the dynamic change of real-time controllable EV energy is established. Simulative results show that,the proposed real-time controllable EV energy model considering the traffic attribute of EV more conforms to the law of its participation in the frequency regulation and effectively suppresses the system frequency variation;and with the same total battery energy,the private EV type has the longest participating period,the most real-time controllable energy and the best frequency regulation effect among four EV types.