中文摘要：

以中国北方生长的鸢尾属9种植物为研究对象，利用光学显微镜对叶表皮细胞形状及大小、气孔大小、气孔分布及气孔密度、气孔指数等叶表皮构造特征进行观察，并探讨了叶表皮特征在鸢尾属内各个亚属、亚组间的分类学价值，结果表明：表皮细胞的形状和大小显示了同亚属或同亚组植物之间较为明显的亲缘关系，在区分鸢尾属下不同亚属或亚组植物上也有一定的分类学价值。气孔密度和气孔指数在鸢尾属内分类学价值不大，但却能很好地反映不同鸢尾属植物与生境之间的密切关系。并从表皮构造特征上证实了野鸢尾与射干有很强的亲缘关系，且近于鸢尾属内的其他植物的结论；此外，通过对鸢尾属植物叶横切解剖结构的观察：从维管束、横切面形状、表皮细胞与角质层、乳突、气孔、气室大小、叶肉细胞的分化这7个较为明显的特征上的相关性和差异性，探讨了由于生境的不同而产生的植物形态结构的差异。

英文摘要：

Structural characters of leaf epidermis from 9 species in Iris from the North of China, such as the epidermal cells, the distribution of stomata, density of stomata and the stomata index, were investigated using light microcopy （LM）, which aimed to study their taxonomic values between subgenus and subsection. The shape and size of the epidermal cells has taxonomic value that manifests the genetic relationship between different species, and has much systematic significance in distinguishing within difffenent section and subgenus in Iris L. Density and index of stomata has no systematic significance in distinguishing within subgenus in Iris L. , but it can reflect their living environment. And from the results of epidermal structure,it confirmed a strong genetic relationship between I. dichotoma and Belamcanda chinensi,consistent with other anmatomy of leaves such as：vascular, the cross shape of leaf, stomata, crystal,mesophyll protoplast, size of gas chamber which reflect the connection between microstructure and living environment were also discussed.