中文摘要：

为了验证高数值孔径、大入射角、宽光谱的空间光学系统中偏振像差的存在,在激光数字波面干涉仪上对偏振像差进行了实验研究并做了数据分析。论述了偏振像差的两种计算方法,即偏振像差函数的二次扩展式和偏振光线追迹。用软件对激光数字波面干涉仪光学系统分别进行普通光线追迹和偏振光线追迹,PV值增加了33.59%。然后在该系统上对偏振像差进行了实验研究,PV值增加了34.48%。可以看出二者基本吻合。第一次在激光数字波面干涉仪上模拟了空间光学系统,并通过实验证实了改变入射光的偏振态可以改变系统的偏振像差。将实验测得的结果和软件模拟的结果比较后证实了光学系统中偏振像差的存在。

英文摘要：

Polarization aberration was experimentally investigated with a digital laser wavefront interferometer and was analyzed numerically in order to verify the existence of polarization aberration in space optical system with high numerical aperture,large incident angle and wide spectral range.Two methods for calculating polarization aberration,i.e.the second-order polarization aberration expansion and polarization ray tracing,were described in this paper.For the optical system of digital laser wavefront interferometer,conventional ray tracing and polarization ray tracing were respectively taken with a software.The PV value of the wave aberration increased by 33.59%.Then experimental investigation was taken on this system.The PV value increased by 34.48% .It could be seen that the two results were approximately identical.The space optical system was simulated by the digital laser wavefront interferometer for the first time.And it is confirmed that change the polarization state of the incident light can result in the change of the polarization aberration.The existence of polarization aberration in optical systems is confirmed through comparison of experimental measurement and the software simulation results.