锂-硫氧化还原对的比能量为2 600Wh/Kg,几乎是所有的二次电池氧化还原对中最高的,当锂-硫电池放电产物为Li2S时,电池的比容量可达到1 675mAh/g。近年来,人们在提高锂硫电池的循环可逆性和硫的利用率方面开展了大量的研究工作。本文结合本实验室的工作综述了锂硫二次电池的最新研究进展,对电池的正极、黏结剂、电解质和负极四个方面的研究进行了介绍,对锂硫电池容量衰减的因素进行分析,最后展望了锂硫电池的发展趋势。
The lithium/sulfur redox couple has almost the highest specific-energy density of 2 600Wh/Kg among all the redox couples enabling for chargeable batteries and has a specific capacity of 1 675mAh/g, assuming complete reaction of lithium and sulfur to the product Li2S. Fruitful results were made with the purpose of enhancing the reversibility of the lithium sulfur battery and the utilization of sulfur in the cathode over the past twenty years. In this paper, the effects of the factors on the capacity fading of the lithium sulfur battery are studied. New method and technical development of lithium sulfur battery reported in recent years are reviewed, mainly including the development of the cathode materials, adhesive agents, electrolyte and anode of the battery. The further tendencies of lithium sulfur battery are also represented.