中文摘要：

在纸坊沟流域3个撂荒阳坡各设置30个种子雨收集器,于2010年10月—2013年4月收集种子,2011和2012年8月进行植被调查,研究黄土丘陵沟壑区撂荒植被恢复过程中种子雨动态特征及其与地上植被的关系.结果表明：撂荒坡面种子雨来自于17个科的37个物种,主要有达乌里胡枝子、草木樨状黄耆、狗尾草、糙隐子草、长芒草、白羊草、猪毛蒿、铁杆蒿和阿尔泰狗哇花,占种子雨总量的95.8%;种子雨中仅有3个外来物种,与地上植被物种组成的相似性系数为0.77;2011年5月—2012年4月和2012年5月—2013年4月种子雨的平均密度分别为3737和6449粒·m-2,存在显著的＂大小年＂现象;收集期间不同位置收集器收集的物种数为7~15个,种子雨密度为3853~37923粒·m-2.研究区种子扩散受到限制,种子雨密度与其他草地相比处于中等水平,种子雨的时空分布受降雨和微地形等因素的影响存在明显的异质性.

英文摘要：

The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamic characteristics of seed rain on abandoned slopes in the hilly-gullied Loess Plateau region and identify the relationship between seed rain and standing vegetation. Three abandoned slopes were chosen as sampling sites in Zhifanggou watershed. Thirty traps were installed at each site to collect seed rain from October 2010 to April 2013. Standing vegetation was surveyed to identify dominant species in August 2011 and 2012, re- spectively. Thirty-seven species belonging to seventeen families were identified in the seed rain, and the dominant species, i.e., Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus scaberrimus , Setaria viridis , Cleistogenes squarrosa, Stipa bungeana, Bothriochloa ischcemum, Artemisia scoparia, A. gmelinii, and Hetero- pappus altaicus, took up to 95.8% of the total seed rain. Three species in seed rain were not found in the standing vegetation. The Sorensen similarity index between seed rain and standing vegetation was 0.77. Seed rain densities were 3737 and 6449 seeds · m-2 in May 2011-April 2012 and May 2012-April 2013, respectively, and alternate bearing existed. During the study period, seed rain from different positions varied from 3853 to 37923 seeds · m-2and belonged to 7-15 species. The results indicated the space limitation of seed dispersal. Seed rain densities were in the middle of the pack compared with similar ecosystems in other studies. High temporal and spatial heterogeneity of seed rain was observed because of rainfall, micro-topography and so on.