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中文摘要：
【目的】快速冷驯化能在短时间内迅速提高昆虫的耐寒性,是昆虫应对外界温度急剧变化以及短时低温胁迫的重要途径。本研究旨在探究入侵杂草豚草Ambrosia artemisiifolia生防天敌广聚萤叶甲Ophraella communa对不同强度快速冷驯化的生理响应机制。【方法】分别对广聚萤叶甲成虫进行了不同温度（-4,0,4和8℃）下4 h及0℃下不同时间（1,4,8和16 h）的快速冷驯化处理,并对其体内的生理物质含量和保护酶活性进行了测定。【结果】除8℃/4 h,0℃/1 h和0℃/8 h外,其余冷驯化处理均使广聚萤叶甲成虫过冷却点显著降低（P〈0.05）,其中0℃/4h处理组最低。而且,随着冷驯化温度降低、持续时间的增长,广聚萤叶甲成虫体甘油含量以及过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性呈曲线变化,并于0℃/4 h处理时达到极值,但冷驯化处理对虫体自由水和总糖含量的影响并不显著（P≥0.05）。【结论】广聚萤叶甲快速冷驯化的诱导具有其临界强度值和最适条件,过大强度的驯化处理反而不利于其耐寒性的提高。本研究结果对于深入阐明广聚萤叶甲越冬策略以及人工培育耐寒种群的实践具有一定参考价值。
英文摘要：
【Aim】 As an effective approach adapting to acute temperature fluctuation and short-term cold shock, rapid cold hardening （RCH） can enhance cold resistance of some insects in a very short period. We explored the physiological mechanisms responding to RCH in different intensities in Ophraella communa, which is a promising biological control agent for invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia. 【Methods】 O. communaadults were subjected to different intensities of RCH, including being exposed to -4, 0, 4 and 8℃ for 4 h, or exposed to 0℃ for 1, 4, 8 and 16 h. The contents of cryprotectants and the activities of protective enzymes were measured. 【Results】 The supercooling point （SCP） of O. communa adults was significantly depressed by RCH （P〈0.05）, particularly at 0℃/4 h, with the exception of the groups of 8℃/4 h, 0℃/1 h and 0℃/8 h. With the augment of RCH intensity （decrease of the treated temperature or increase of the sustained time）, the glycerol content and the activities of catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） changed notably, especially at 0℃/4 h, though water and sugar contents were not significantly changed by RCH. 【Conclusion】 There exist the threshold and the optimum induction intensity of RCH in O. communa adults, and excessive intensities may be harmful for enhancement of cold tolerance in O. communa adults. The results are helpful to better understanding the overwintering strategies of O. communaand the artificial cultivation of cold-tolerant population.
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