中文摘要：

最优锚固角是锚固工程设计中的重要参数,为了探讨锚杆长度和边坡坡率对于锚杆最优锚固角的影响,采用FLAC3D数值方法,建立边坡模型,通过数值计算发现锚杆长度和边坡坡率对最优锚固角影响较大,研究结果表明:1边坡安全系数随锚杆长度的增大呈现先增大后基本保持不变的趋势,存在有效锚固长度,锚杆倾角越大对应的有效锚固长度越小。2边坡安全系数随锚杆倾角的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,存在最优锚固角;并且最优锚固角随锚杆长度的增大而线性减小。3当锚杆倾角未达到最优锚固角之前,边坡坡率对安全系数影响较小,而当锚杆倾角达到或者超过最优锚固角,边坡坡率的影响逐渐显现,并且坡率越大所对应的最优锚固角也越大。

英文摘要：

The optimum anchorage angle is the important parameter in the design of anchoring engineering. In order to study the effect of bolt length and slope rate on the optimum anchorage angle, a numerical model for slopes is established using FLAC3D. It is found that the anchor length and the slope rate have great influence on the optimum anchorage angle. The results show that: (1) With the increase of anchor length, the factor of safety decreases at first and then remains stable, so there exists an effective length. The effective length decreases with the increase of anchorage angle. (2) The increase of anchorage angle will lead to the safety factor first to increase and then decrease, so there exists an optimum anchorage angle. The optimum anchorage angle will decrease linearly with the increase of bolt length. (3) When the anchorage angle is less than the optimum anchorage angle, the slope rate only has small impact on the safety factor. When the anchorage angle is the same as the optimum anchorage angle or larger than the optimum anchorage angle, the impact of the slope rate on the slope stability becomes more obviously, and the larger slope rate leads to the larger optimum anchorage angle.