中文摘要：

随着人工纳米材料在工业、生活、医疗等各领域中的广泛应用,其环境暴露已不可避免.由于纳米材料生物可给性决定了其环境危害与人体健康风险,因此近年来这方面的研究已成为环境科学领域关注的热点.本文基于细胞和微生物、动物、人体等,从纳米材料种类、暴露途径、摄入动力学、体内分布、消除行为等方面,对人工纳米材料的生物可给性与毒性进行了综述,为客观评价纳米材料的生物安全性提供了科学参考.

英文摘要：

With the rapid development and increasing application of engineered nanomaterials in diverse fields,including industry,science and technology,and medical cares,the release of this group of emerging chemicals into the environment has become inevitable. Public concerns have consequently risen on their potential risks of environmental and human health hazards. The bioavailability and toxicities of the nanomaterials have been widely discussed in recent researches due to their unintended exposure. A comprehensive review is provided to clarify the exposure routes,biouptake kinetics,bio-distributions and elimination behaviors of the engineered nanomaterials,thus providing the useful scientific data for their biosafety evaluation.