中文摘要：

目的探讨初诊AML患儿miR-196b、miR-25的表达及其临床意义。方法从骨髓标本库中随机抽取2012-2013年收集的20例初诊AML以及20例非白血病对照标本,利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测miR-196b、miR-25的相对表达量。结果 miR-196b的相对表达量在患者和对照组间有显著差异（P〈0.05）;在危险度分组中,miR-196b在高危组、中危组和低危组有显著差异（P〈0.05）;在WBC〈10万/mm3和≥10万/mm3组间,miR-196b表达有显著差异（P〈0.05）;在一疗程缓解组/未缓解组,miR-25表达有显著差异（P〈0.05）;在染色体核型预后良好组/预后不良组间,miR-196b表达水平具有显著差异（P〈0.05）,核型不良组miR-196b表达水平增高;而miR-25呈低表达现象,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 miR-196b在初诊AML患儿中明显高表达,高表达的miR-196b与不良预后相关;miR-25的表达水平增高提示着良好的早期治疗反应和预后。这些miRNAs有望成为儿童AML早期诊断、治疗及判断预后的独特生物标记物。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-196b,miR-25 in new diagnosed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia and the its clinical significances. Methods 20 AML children and 20 non-leukemia matched children were included. Real-time quantitative PCR （TaqMan）was applied to validate the expression of selected miRNAs in individual bone marrow samples. Results By compa- ring expression of these three miRNAs between AML patients and controls, it was found that miR-196b expression were significantly higher in AML patients than those in controls （P 〈 0.05） ; miR-196b ex- pression ~as significantly higher in high-risk group and WBC I〉 10 ~i＇/mm3 group （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; miR-25 expression was significantly higher in one-course remission group than those in non-remission group; the levels ,Jf miR - 1 9 6 b and - 2 5 increased and decreased respectively in poor karyotype group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Not only miR-196b expressions increase in AML patients comparing with controls, but also miR - 1 9 6 b associates with the poor outcome of disease , as well as the relationship between increased miR - 2 5 expression and the good response to treatment and prognosis . These miRNAs may be used as one of biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosisjudgment of childhood AML in the near future.