中文摘要：

发酵过程通常具有较强的非线性，传统的PID控制器难以获得满意的控制效果。提出采用粒子群优化算法整定PID控制器的参数。结合过程机理，将整个连续发酵过程分解为三个子区间，并优化获得每一个子过程的PSO-PID控制器。仿真结果表明，通过PSO子过程优化的PSO-PID控制器性能优于普通的PID。

英文摘要：

Conventional PID controller has been found insufficient for continuous fermentation process due to strong nonlinearity. Tuning of PID controller parameters by adopting particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm is proposed. Combining with the process mechanism, the whole continuous fermentation process can be divided into three sub-processes. The PID parameters for each sub-process can be optimized by the PSO algorithm. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed PSO-PID controller can obtain better control performance than traditional PID controller.