中文摘要：

针对液压系统中气穴的产生及其发展过程常伴随着液压油温度变化的现象，研究了液压系统中气穴产生及其发展过程与液压油温度变化的关系。结合液压系统中气穴产生及其发展过程的特点，对气穴中气泡产生、发展过程中的热力学条件进行适当假设，应用热力学原理推导了气穴产生时气泡膨胀阶段气泡半径变化与液压油温度变化之间的关系式，改进了Rayleigh-Plesset方程。应用数值计算方法对气泡半径与液压油温度的关系进行了数值模拟研究，并通过试验进行了验证，得出气穴产生后，在气泡膨胀的整个过程中，多变指数k取1～1．24更符合实际规律。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the phenomenon that the formation and development process of cavitation accompany the tem-perature variation of hydraulic oil in hydraulic system, the relationship between the formation and development process of cavitation and the temperature variation of hydraulic oil was discussed in this paper.By combining the characteristics of the generation and the development process of cavitation, and making proper presumption on ther-modynamic condition of the generation and development process of cavitation, the relationship between the variation of bubble radius and the temperature change of hydraulic oil in the bubble expansion stage when a cavitation ap-pears was derived by thermodynamic principle and the Rayleigh-Plesset equation was improved.Subsequently, a numerical calculation method is applied to carry out numerical simulation research on the relationship between the bubble radius and the temperature of hydraulic oil.In addition, a test was applied for verification.The results show that after cavitation has appeared, in the entire process of bubble expansion, it will conform to practical law better if the polytropic exponent takes 1～1.24.