中文摘要：

为深入研究因脱粒造成的玉米种子内部机械裂纹机理及其对发芽与出苗的影响,构建玉米种子内部机械损伤计算机识别系统,改进玉米种子脱粒原理和脱粒部件参数,研究了盛单216等3个品种玉米种子的籽粒外观特征,并借助体视显微技术分析了内部机械裂纹损伤特征、分布状况与形成规律等,探讨了玉米种子内部机械裂纹的成因。研究结果表明：玉米种子籽粒外形和内部机械裂纹状况差异显著;3种玉米种子普遍存在内部机械裂纹,长裂纹损伤率平均为39.8%;果穗喂入时籽粒冠部受到脱粒部件的冲击是裂纹形成的主要原因,在玉米籽粒冠部形成冲击区并产生裂纹,裂纹向胚部扩展;内部裂纹信息应从籽粒冠部和背面提取。

英文摘要：

In order to study the mechanism and its effect on germination and emergence of inner mechanical cracks of corn seed kernels in threshing,a computer recognition system of corn seed mechanical damage was developed and low damage corn seed threshing principle and device parameters was analyzed.The typical external characteristics of corn seed,distribution of crack,formation rule of inner mechanical crack and damage extent were studied by means of stereomicroscope technical method.Distribution and formation regularity of corn seed mechanical cracks were explored.The result showed that obvious differences universally existed in shape and size and the inner mechanical cracks of three kinds of corn seeds,the long cracks were accounted to 39.8% of cracks damage.The main reason for inner crack formation was that crown of corn kernel was shocked by the threshing parts while feeding.The cracks started from the impacted area of corn kernel crown and enlarged to the embryo inside crown.The information about the inner cracks could be found from the crown and back of corn seed kernel.