中文摘要：

除了环境暴露评价，在环境毒理学研究中模式动物秀丽线虫也已经被应用于适应响应形成及其调控机理研究。在综述中，系统介绍了秀丽线虫中存在的几种形式毒物诱发的适应响应，即同一因素适应响应、交叉适应响应与特殊形式的适应响应；讨论了目前已经揭示出的6种影响适应响应形成因素；分析了适应响应形成可能机制，即抗氧化应激体系、热激蛋白、金属硫蛋白与谷胱苷肽在适应响应形成中具有的各种重要功能。在此基础上，分析了秀丽线虫适应响应研究中存在的问题，讨论了该方面工作对于毒理学研究的重要意义，并对未来的研究工作进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Besides environmental exposure evaluation, model animal of Caenorhabditis elegans has also been used in the studies of formation and regulation mechanism of adaptive response in environmental toxicology. In this review, three types of adaptive response existed in C. elegans were introduced, which are hormesis, cross-adaptation, and dietary re- striction. Six known factors influencing the formation of adaptive response were analyzed. The possible mechanisms explaining adaptive response formation were discussed. Especially, the important roles of anti-oxidation system, heat- shock, metallothioneins, and glutathione in regulating the formation of adaptive response were summarized. On these ba- ses, the questions need to be further solved, the contributions of adaptive response studies in C. elegans to toxicology, and the suggestions for further studies on adaotive response in C. elegans were discussed.