中文摘要：

随着纳米技术的迅速发展及纳米材料的大量增多,纳米技术的安全性问题正引起世界范围的重点关注．纳米材料可以通过多种途径进入自然环境而产生多种环境行为。可能引起生物体的毒性效应，其生态学影响也不可忽视,目前国际上对纳米材料生态学影响特别是环境行为的研究仍处于起步阶段，有价值的研究结果非常少，仍有众多不确定的生态安全问题有待深入研究．在总结国内外相关研究的基础上，就纳米材料的来源、进入环境的途径、环境行为、生态毒理学研究现状及需要进一步研究的内容进行了简要综述．

英文摘要：

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the safety of nanomaterials has raised great concern. Nanomaterials can enter the environment through multiple routes, affecting many environmental aspects, and even exhibiting ecotoxicity. However, the information regarding the relative health and environmental Hsks of nanotechnology and associated nanomaterials is still lacking, especially for the environmental behaviors of nanomaterials. Only recently have reports investigated the ecological toxieities of nanomaterials such as C60, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and Al nanopartieles, therefore, the ecological effects of more nanomaterials should be further studied. In this review, the recent developments of ecotoxicological research of nanomaterials were summarized.