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中文摘要：
利用压痕实验研究了KDP晶体在（001）晶面不同晶向上的硬度和断裂韧性力学特性,在此基础上利用划痕实验对（001）晶面不同晶向上的脆塑性转变点位置进行了研究。结果表明：在KDP晶体（001）晶面的[110]晶向上硬度值最小,断裂韧性值最大,最易产生塑性变形,最不易产生脆性断裂,在该方向上可以得到较大的临界切削深度,而在[100]晶向上硬度最大,最易产生脆性断裂,不易产生塑性变形,临界切削深度最小。此研究结果为磨削实验提供指导意义,即在（001）晶面上沿[110]晶向能加工出表面质量较好的KDP晶体。
英文摘要：
The hardness and fracture toughness of different lattice orientation on KDP crystal（001）lattice plane were researched by indention experiments,and the ductile-brittle transition point of different lattice orientation on（001）lattice plane was researched using nick experiment.The results shown that the [110] lattice orientation of KDP crystal（001）lattice plane has the least hardness value and the maximal fracture toughness value,so,easy to produce plastic deformation,hard to produce brittle fracture,and can get biggist critical cutting depth.However,the [100] lattice orientation has the maximal hardness,easy to produce brittle fracture,hard to produce plastic deformation,and get the least critical cutting depth.These researches afford a guiding significance for grinding experiment,that in [110] lattice orientation on（001）lattice plane can get adequate quality surface of KDP crystal.
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