中文摘要：

随着一系列轨道转移飞行器的工程化实施,航天器可能面临的非合作交会威胁日趋严重。针对该问题,根据交会机动的特点定义了新的规避机动指标——潜在威胁区,相较于传统的相对距离和碰撞概率等规避指标,潜在威胁区更适合航天器在面对非合作交会追踪器时进行规避机动,能够有效提升航天器的抗交会能力。首先,建立追踪器多脉冲最优交会模型,以此为基础给出潜在威胁区的定义与计算方法;然后,以潜在威胁区弧长为优化目标,建立了目标器最优规避模型,采用遗传算法进行目标优化;最后,根据所建立的双层优化模型进行数值仿真,以初始相距100km为初始条件进行仿真并计算得到了使潜在威胁区为零所需规避脉冲值,验证了文中模型的正确性,结果显示所定义的潜在威胁区弧长随着规避脉冲的增大呈严格的单调递减关系。研究为在轨航天器在面对非合作交会时提供了有效的规避策略,提升了航天器的空间生存能力。

英文摘要：

With the execution of a series of engineering applications of orbital transfer vehicles,the threat of non-cooperative rendezvous to the target spacecraft can be more and more serious.For this problem,this paper proposes a new evasive maneuver index—potential threatening area,using the characteristic of rendezvous.Compared with traditional evasive maneuver indexes such as relative distance and collision probability,the index of potential threatening area is more adapted to the target,and will improve its evasion ability when the chaser is a noncooperative spacecraft.A multi-impulse rendezvous optimization model is built,and then the definition and computing method for the potential threaten area are proposed.The target evasive optimization model is established by using genetic algorithm,and the potential threaten area is set as the optimization target.Based on the two optimization models,a case（with 100 km being the initial distance）of numerical simulation is executed to verify the correctness of the proposed models.The numerical results show that the potential threatening area has a rigorously monotone decreasing relationship with the magnitude of the impulse.The proposed approach offers a novel index in solving orbital evasion problem and can improve the viability of the target.