中文摘要：

本文在对流域基本特征和流域综合管理要求进行分析的基础上，提出了以虚拟水环境容量资源为核心的流域水污染物总量控制及污染减排激励与约束机制：一是通过建立虚拟水环境容量资源约束与流转机制．激励流域内各地区主动调整产业结构、治理污染和保护环境；二是以流域内各地区的水污染物年排放通量为考核与监管依据，在提高总量考核科学性、减化总量考核程序的基础上，提高了总量考核的公平性和透明度。

英文摘要：

Based on the analysis of watershed fundamental characteristics and the requirements of watershed integrated management, virtual water environmental capacity resources as the core of the incentive and restraint mechanisms for water pollutants total control and emission reduction were proposed ： （ i ） Through the establishment of virtual water environment capacity resource constraints and transfer mechanism, the regions in the watershed will be inspired to take the initiative to adjust industrial structure, to control and manage environment pollution and protect environment ; （ 2 ） Taking annual water pollutants emission fluxes of in various regions in the watershed as examination and supervision criteria, based on the improvement scientifically of total control assessment, reduced total control examination procedures, the fairness and transparency of water pollutants total control were improved.