中文摘要：

20世纪60年代初期①，我国粮食的严重短缺造成大量人口非正常死亡，而国内粮食市场和紧急采取的应急措施已无能为力，在“不吃进口粮”观念转变的前提下，粮食进口工作适时开启。党和国家领导人审时度势，成功解决了粮食进口的外汇短缺和进口粮源问题，同时正确处理了敏感的国际粮食援助，出色完成了我国在60年代初期意义深远的粮食进口工作。关键时刘的进口粮食在挽救人民生命，稳定粮食市场，缓解粮食危机和减轻农民负担。缓和农民和国家关系，促进农村生产力的恢复等各方面发挥了重要作用；同时，粮食进口工作的实施也促进了我国与西方资本主义国家的双边贸易，为我国利用国内、国际两个市场保障粮食安全提供了典范。

英文摘要：

In the early 1960s, the serious shortage of food resulted in abnormal death of large population,while domestic grain market and emergency measures couldn＇t make a difference. Under the premise of the change of the concept as UDo not eat imported food＂, food imports finally carried out in time. Due to the contextual intelligence of the Communist Party of China and state leadem, the severe shortage of foreign exchange and food source on food importing had been successfully resolved. Meanwhile, China properly dealt with sensitivity international food aid, doing a great job in achieving the meaningful work of importing food in that days. At crucial time, the imported food played an important role in saving people, s life, stabilizing food market, relieving food crlsis, fostering relationship be- tween the people and state and restoring productivity in village. At the same time, the implementation of work in importing food promo- ted bilateral trades between China and western countries, which provide a model to ensure food security by using domestic and interna- tional markets.