中文摘要：

高精度雷管短微差爆破是提高超大断面高天井爆破成井效率和降低爆破振动效应的有效手段。分析短微差类球状药包爆破漏斗的形成过程,理论推导深孔爆破成井同层孔间短微差延期时间和层间微差延期时间的计算公式。对短微差成井爆破的破岩效果和振动规律进行数值模拟,得到不同微差时间下天井爆破模型的有效应力峰值、有效应力作用时间和振速峰值。通过对计算结果的综合研究,确定调压井导井爆破同层孔间最佳短微差延期时间为9~11 ms。研究结果在超大断面调压竖井导井爆破中得到成功应用,现场应用结果表明：短微差类球状药包爆破解决了超大断面高天井爆破成井难题,突破了成井高度限制,同时有效降低了爆破振动破坏效应,研究结果具有广阔的推广应用前景。

英文摘要：

Short-millisecond blasting with high-precision detonators is an effective way to improve the efficiency of excavation of ultra-large section and high shaft and to reduce the blasting vibrations. The formation process of the blasting crater due to short-millisecond spherical blasting was analyzed. The methods of calculation of the time delay of detonating between the holes of same segmentation and between the holes of adjacent segmentation in shaft excavation by deep-hole blasting were studied. An elastic calculation model was established to analyze the crashing effect of rock and the vibration in shaft excavation by deep-hole blasting under different short delay intervals. The simulated results showed that the optimum time delay of detonating between the holes in the same segmentation was 9–11 ms according to the related parameters such as the peak effective stress,the effective stress time and the peak vibration velocity. The research results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation have been successful applied in an ultra-large section surge shaft. The bottle neck problems referring to the excavation efficiency and vibration reduction in ultra-large section and high shaft excavation have been solved.