中文摘要：

研究了水田冬种意大利黑麦草AM形成的规律、稻田中AMF密度变化以及土壤因子对意大利黑麦草AM形成的影响，进而探讨AM对意大利黑麦草生长和发育的影响。结果表明：①翻耕不施肥、不翻耕施肥和不翻耕不施肥处理的意大利黑麦草总感染率上升幅度均达到了显著水平（P〈0．05）；②土壤中AMF孢子密度随着意大利黑麦草生长时间的增加而增加，与感染率的增长趋势基本保持一致，且二者之间相关性达到极显著正相关（P〈0．01）；③意大利黑麦草根系AM的感染率与土壤pH值极显著正相关（P〈0．01），与土壤温度显著正相关（P〈0．05），与土壤含水量极显著负相关（P〈0．01），与水解N质量分数显著负相关（P〈0．05）。土壤中AMF孢子密度与土壤温度极显著正相关（P〈0．01），与pH显著正相关（P〈0．05），与土壤有机质质量分数、水解N质量分数、全P质量分数和速效P质量分数显著负相关的（P〈0．05）；④意大利黑麦草产量与AM感染率（P〉0．05）和AMF孢子密度（P〈0．05）均呈负相关。

英文摘要：

Based on field experiment, we studied the formation of Italian ryegrass AM and the changes of AMF spores quantity, investigated the effects of edaphic factors （ moisture, pH, soil temperature, soil nutrients, etc. ） on the formation of Italian ryegrass AMF. Then, we discussed the effects of AMF on the growth and development of Italian ryegrass. The results showed that ： ①Compared with the control group, the total AMF colonization rates of Italian ryegrass root system increased significantly at 0. 05 level under three different treatments （plouphing but no fertilizing , fertilizing but no plouphing, no plouphing and fertilizing）. ②In the present study, the main colonization form of AMF in Italian ryegrass root system is mycelium, the colonization form of arbuscular is little, and the vesicle structure was not found. The number of soil AMF spores increased with the increase of the growth time of Italian ryegrass, and it kept a uptrend similar to the colonization rates. The correlation between them is positively significant （P〈 0. 01 ）. ③The colonization rates of Italian ryegrass root system had significantly positive correlations with the soil pH value （P〈 0. 01 ） and soil temperature （P〈 0. 05 ）, while it had significantly negative correlations with the soil moisture （P〈 0. 01 ） and soluble nitrogen （P〈 0. 05 ）. The number of soil AMF spores had significantly positive correlations with soil temperature （P〈0. 01 ） and pH value （P〈0. 05 ） while it had significantly negative correlations with soil organic matter, soluble nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus （P〈 0. 05 ）. ④The output of Italian ryegrass had negative correlations with the AMF colonization rates （p 〉0. 05 ） and the numbers of AMF spores （P〈0. 05）.