中文摘要：

【目的】研究荒漠植被地上生物量随距河道距离的空间分布特征,并结合地下水埋深数据分析地上生物量与地下水埋深之间的关系,以期为干旱荒漠区生态环境恢复和重建提供理论依据。【方法】以塔里木河下游英苏断面荒漠河岸林植被为对象,于2014年9月下旬在英苏断面布设垂直河道、100 m×100 m的标准地20块,形成长2 000 m的连续样带,记录标准地内乔木、灌木的物种数、总个体数及冠幅、株高、胸径等形态因子,根据胡杨生物量模型和获取的灌木标准枝鲜质量,分别计算胡杨和灌木的地上生物量;将标准地进一步分割为4块50 m×50 m的样地,在每个样地对角线两侧随机布设6-8个1 m×1 m的样方,记录草本种类、个体总数等因子,并将样方内草本齐地面刈割,获取地上生物量数据。结合样带植被群落地上生物量数据和地下水埋深数据,拟合二者之间的方程,并进行显著性检验。【结果】塔里木河下游荒漠植被地上生物量与距河道垂直距离和地下水埋深均显著负相关（P〈0.05）,总地上生物量、乔木层和灌木层地上生物量均随距河距离增大而减少,草本地上生物量则呈＂先小幅度增加后持续减少＂的单峰型变化趋势;样带内乔灌草总地上生物量主要分布在地下水埋深〈4 m（距河0-300 m）范围内,地上生物量可达855.06 g·m^-2;当地下水埋深在4-5.5 m（距河道300-1 000 m）时,地上生物量为321.08 g·m^-2,减少62.45%;当地下水持续降到〉5.5 m（距河道1 000-2 000 m）时,地上生物量只有110.19 g·m^-2,比河道附近减少了87.11%。【结论】塔里木河下游荒漠植被群落组成和地上生物量随距河道距离和地下水埋深变化呈现显著的空间异质性,表明地下水埋深是影响荒漠植被群落组成和地上生物量的一个重要因子,同时也反映出河道作为荒漠河岸林的主要水源控制荒漠植被的空间分布和结构,体现出极?

英文摘要：

【Objective】The spatial distribution of aboveground biomass of desert vegetation along with the distance away from riverway in combination with groundwater depth were studied to provide a theoretical basis for restoration and rehabilitation of the ecological environment in arid desert region.【Method】A transect consisting of 20 continuous sample plots（size of 100 m × 100 m） was set in September,2014 at Yingsu section in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Plant species and total number of trees and shrubs within sample plots together with crown size,plant height and DBH were recorded. According to the biomass model of Populus euphratica and the fresh weight of standard shrub branches,theaboveground biomass was calculated respectively. The sample plots were further divided into four smaller plots（size of 50 m × 50 m）,and then 6 to 10 even smaller sample plots（size of 1 m × 1 m） along the diagonal were randomly selected,the total herbaceous plant species and numbers in each sample plot were recorded,all grasses were harvested to the ground surface to get aboveground biomass. Finally, a fitted function was created according to the relationship between aboveground biomass and groundwater depth,and then the regression equations and regression coefficients were tested for significance. 【Result 】The results showed that total aboveground biomass, tree aboveground biomass and shrub aboveground biomass were all negatively correlated with the distance to the riverway and with the groundwater depth（P 〈0. 05）. Aboveground biomass of shrub firstly increased and then decreased consistently,showing a single peak type. The total aboveground biomass of shrub and herbaceous plants reached 855. 06 g·m- 2when groundwater depth was less than4 m（0 to 300 m away from the riverway）; and 62. 45% was reduced（321. 08 g·m- 2） when groundwater depth was in range of 4 to 5. 5 m（300 to 1 000 m away from the riverway）,and 87. 11% was reduced（110. 19 g·m- 2） when groundwater depth was above 5. 5 m?