中文摘要：

植物性状反映了植物对生长环境的响应和适应，将环境、植物个体和生态系统结构、过程与功能联系起来（所谓的“植物功能性状”）。该文介绍了植物功能性状的分类体系，综述了国内外植物功能性状与气候（包括气温、降水、光照）、地理空间变异（包括地形地貌、生态梯度、海拔）、营养、干扰（包括火灾、放牧、生物入侵、土地利用）等环境因素，以及与生态系统功能之间关系的研究进展，探讨了全球变化（气候变化和CO2浓度升高）对个体和群落植物功能性状的影响。植物功能性状的研究已经取得很多成果，并应用于全球变化、古植被恢复和古气候定量重建、环境监测与评价、生态保护和恢复等研究中，但大尺度、多生境因子下的植物功能性状研究仍有待于加强，同时需要改进性状的测量手段；我国的植物功能性状研究还需要更加 明朗化和系统化。

英文摘要：

Plant traits link environmental factors, individuals and ecosystem structure and functions as plants respond and adapt to the environment. This review introduces worldwide classification schemes of plant functional traits and summarizes research on the relationships between plant functional traits and environmental factors such as climate （e. g., temperature, precipitation and light）, geographical variation （e. g., topography, ecological gradients and altitude）, nutrients and disturbance （including fire, grazing, invasion and land use）, as well as between plant functional traits and ecosystem functions. We synthesize impacts of global change （e. g., climate change） on plant functional traits of individuals and plant communities. Research on plant functional traits is very fruitful, being applicable to research on global change, paleovegetation and paleoelimate reconstruction, environmental monitoring and assessment and vegetation conservation and restoration. However, further studies at large scale and including multi-environmental factors are needed and methods of measuring traits need to be improved. In the future, study of plant functional traits in China should be accelerated in a clear and systematic way.