中文摘要：

除磷系统的剩余污泥在浓缩、储存及后续的处理过程中均可能引起磷的释放，释放的磷往往导致正在运行的污水处理厂的磷负荷超标，最终引起出水磷的不稳定排放。针对此问题，在分析生物除磷系统剩余污泥化学特性的基础上，探讨除磷剩余污泥中营养元素的快速释放条件及磷回收效果。采用两个平行反应器，其中一个作为控制反应器，另一个添加表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），在中温厌氧条件下对剩余污泥进行水解，并对水解产物中的营养元素在室温、pH值为9．5、搅拌转速为400r／min的条件下进行鸟粪石回收。结果表明：生物除磷系统的剩余污泥具有磷含量高、磷释放快速、氮释放缓慢的特点；添加SDS不仅可以促进污泥水解过程中磷和氮的释放，而且对回收鸟粪石有积极作用；综合考虑水解产物中的氮、磷浓度及其比值和水解的时间成本，建议快速水解条件为添加SDS且水解24h。

英文摘要：

Excess sludge from biological phosphorus removal （BPR） process usually releases phosphorus when the sludge is thickened, stored and subsequently treated, which always leads to phos- phorus overload in a running wastewater treatment plant and results in unstable discharge of effluent phos- phorus. Based on the analysis of chemical characteristics of excess sludge from BPR process, the rapid release and recovery of nutrient elements in excess sludge were investigated. Bench-scale experiments of anaerobic hydrolysis under mesothermal condition were carried out in two identical reactors. One reactor served as control and the other was filled with sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. The nutrient elements in the hydrolysate were recovered by struvite crystallization under room temperature, pH value of 9.5 and mixing speed of 400 r/min. The results showed that excess sludge from BPR process was characterized by high phosphorus content, rapid release of phosphorus and slow release of nitrogen. The addition of SDS was beneficial to release of nutrient elements and to struvite crystallization. It was suggested that SDS should be added for 24 hours of rapid hydrolysis. The hydrolysis length was determined by the ratio of ni- trogen and phosphorus concentration as well as time cost.