中文摘要：

目的探讨内蒙古赤峰市城乡空巢老年人抑郁与人格特征、社会支持的差异和关系，以及城乡空巢老年人抑郁的预测因素。方法采用一般资料调查表、老年抑郁量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、社会支持量表对赤峰市398名城乡空巢老年人人口学资料、抑郁、人格特征及社会支持情况进行调查。结果农村空巢老年人抑郁得分（14.41 ± 3.09）分，高于城市空巢老年人的（12.90 ± 2.64）分，且差异有统计学意义（t=5.254，P〈0.01）；农村空巢老年人主观支持、客观支持、对社会支持的利用度及社会支持总分（18.35 ± 2.14）、（6.37 ± 1.40）、（6.01 ± 1.17）、（30.73 ± 4.24）分，均低于城市空巢老年人（19.83 ± 2.27）、（7.34 ± 1.13）、（6.95 ± 1.12）、（34.12 ± 3.73）分，且差异均有统计学意义（t=6.673~8.490，均P〈0.01）；城市空巢老年人外倾性得分为（7.58 ± 2.51）分，高于农村空巢老年人的（6.37 ± 2.02）分，差异有统计学意义（t=5.273，P〈0.01），城市空巢老年人神经质得分为（10.38 ± 2.06）分、精神质得分为（9.42 ± 2.17）分，低于农村空巢老年人的（12.41 ± 2.25）、（10.94 ± 2.10）分，差异均有统计学意义（t=9.401、7.107，均P〈0.01）。城乡空巢老年人抑郁得分与外倾性及社会支持各维度呈负相关（P〈0.01）；城乡空巢老年人抑郁得分与精神质和神经质呈正相关（P〈0.01）。回归分析表明，婚姻状况、收入水平、子女探望频率是影响城乡空巢老年人抑郁的主要因素，文化程度亦是影响城市空巢老年人抑郁的主要因素。结论抑郁与人格特征、社会支持显著相关；农村与城市空巢老年人在一般资料、抑郁状况、人格特征、社会支持等方面存在差异，应针对不同的特点，给予有效的干预。

英文摘要：

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between depression and personality and social support of the urban and rural empty-nest, clear the influence factors of depression in the empty-nest elderly.Methods398 cases of urban and rural empty-nesters selected from the Chifeng district, were valuated with the general information questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS）, Eysenck personality Questionnaire- Revised Short Scalr for Chinese （EPQ-RSC） and the Social Support Scale （SSRS）, and to investigate the demographic data, depression, personality and social support.ResultsRural cases had a higher level （14.41±3.09） points of depression than （12.90±2.64） points of urban cases, and the difference was statistically significant （t=5.254, P〈0.01）; rural empty nesters′ subjective support （18.35±2.14） points, objective support （6.37±1.40） points, support utilization degree （6.01±1.17） points and social support score （30.37±4.24） points, were lower than （19.83±2.27） points, （7.34±1.13） points, （6.95±1.12） points, （34.12±3.73） points of urban′s, and the difference was statistically significant （t=6.673-8.490, P〈0.01）; the extraversion score of urban empty nesters was （7.58±2.51） points which was higher than （6.37±2.02） points of rural empty nesters, and the difference was statistically significant （t=5.273, P〈0.01）; the neuroticism score （10.38±2.06） points and psychoticism score （9.42±2.17） points of urban empty-nest were lower than （12.41±2.25） points, （10.94±2.10） points of empty-nest′s, and the difference was statistically significant （t=9.401, 7.107, P〈0.01）. Neuroticism and psychoticism was shown to be positively associated with depression while extraversion and social support to be negatively associated with depression （P〈0.01）. Regression analysis showed that marital status, income, children visit frequency and the education level were the main influencing factors of depression in t