中文摘要：

利用方向性距离函数和ML生产率指数方法，测度考虑“非意欲”产出情况下的中国大陆地区1997年-2009年间31个省（市）农业土地生产效率，从静态和动态的视角考察农业土地生产效率的时空分异特征。结论显示：①1997年-2009年间全国农业土地生产效率的平均值为0．692，提升空间较大。研究期内农业土地生产效率年均增长0．6％，但变化趋势表现为较大的波动性；②农业土地生产效率空间差异较大，东部地区不仅效率值较高，而且呈上升趋势；中部和西部地区相对较低，同时呈下降趋势；③农业土地生产效率的增长主要源于技术进步水平的提高，而目前农业技术对农业土地生产率的贡献相对较小。不同区域农业土地生产效率变化的影响因素也差异较大。

英文摘要：

Through industrialization and urbanization, vast amounts of arable land have been used for non-agricultural purposes in China, creating a threat to food security. Enhancing land use efficiency is needed to safeguard food security; however, research in this area has not considered environmental factors. Here, we examine changes in agricultural land production efficiency and explore factors affecting the evolution of agricultural land efficiency. The results show that the average value of agricultural land efficiency from 1997 to 2009 was 0.692, indicating that actual agricultural land output accounted for about 69.2% of potential output. The average growth rate of agricultural land efficiency was 0.6% for 1997-2009, indicating that agricultural land efficiency has improved. In general, agricultural land efficiency fluctuated and increased rapidly after 2004 because of agricultural tax reforms and improvements in the agricultural ecological environment. The average agricultural land efficiency in eastern China was 0.775, 0.650 in central China and 0.654 in western China. Efficiency was related to regional economic development and agricultural production conditions. Provinces with a higher level of economic development in eastern China have higher agricultural land efficiency, while provinces with a lower level of economic development in central and western China have lower agricultural land efficiency. Agricultural land efficiency increased in eastern China over time, and declined in central and western China. Growth in agricultural land efficiency is mainly attributed to technological advancement; the contribution of improvements in efficiency is relatively small. Factors affecting agricultural land efficiency are different in different areas and provinces can be divided into six categories on the basis of influencing factors. Therefore, in different regions we should implement different agricultural and environmental management policies.