中文摘要：

DNA条形码（DNAbarcode）是通过一段短的标准DNA片段实现物种的快速、准确和标准化鉴定。线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因作为动物的DNA条形码已广泛应用于物种鉴定中，在植物上已选定叶绿体而吐和matK基因作为基本的DNA条形码。目前世界各国真菌学家正对不同的真菌类群进行不同基因片段的筛选与评价，并在第四届国际生命条形码大会上正式推荐了ITS作为真菌的首选DNA条形码。对国内外真菌DNA条形码的研究进展进行总结与分析，并展望真菌DNA条形码的应用前景。

英文摘要：

DNA barcode uses a short gene sequence taken from standardized portions of the genome to identify species. Cytochrome oxidase I （COI）, as an animal DNA barcode, has been successfully employed in the species identification. In plants a combination of chloroplast rbcL and matK genes has been accepted as basic DNA barcode. In fungi more genes have being screened and evaluated in all major lineages of fungi by mycologists all over the world. Recently, the internal transcribed spacer （ITS） has been recommended as primary DNA barcode of fungi in the Fourth International Barcode of Life Conference. This review summarized the recent progress of fungal DNA barcode, and pointed out the prospect of DNA barcode in future fungal studies.