中文摘要：

本研究利用本实验室开发的62个genic-SSR标记分析5个中国兰种的43个品种,其中52个标记呈多态性,其多态性指数（PIC）从0.054到0.824不等,平均为0.415,遗传多样性分析显示这43个材料之间的遗传距离平均为0.358,范围为0.016-0.600。对这些材料进行聚类分析和主成分分析,结果表明大多数来自一个物种的中国兰品种聚类在一起,而春兰分别聚类于几个系统树分支上,具有多起源性。与地理分布信息交叉分析发现：同一物种的品种往往聚类于一个大的系统树分支,但来自于不同地区的品种分别聚类于不同小分支;一些来自临近地域的品种往往聚类在一起,而这些品种有时不属于同一物种。这些结果说明遗传背景和地理环境存在一定的联系。

英文摘要：

A total of 62 genic-SSR makers were used for genetic analysis of 5 Chinese Cymbidium species including 43 accessions. The results showed that 52 were polymorphic,and their polymorphic index content（ PIC） averaged 0. 415,ranging from 0. 054 to 0. 824. The pairwise genetic distance among 43 accessions averaged 0. 389,ranging from 0. 016 to 0. 600. The phylogenetic analysis and principle component analysis（ PCA） showed that the most of accessions derived from the same species were grouped together. However,C. goeringii accessions did not always form a separate cluster,suggesting that C. goeringii accessions were polyphyletic. Interdisciplinary cross-analysis of genetic and geographic background indicated that some accessions from same species were clustered into different branches based on their origins. While some other accessions from near regions also clustered together. These results indicated that there appeared to be a connection between genetic and geographic background of these Chinese cymbidium accessions.