中文摘要：

通过控制提拉速率，采用液面漩涡法制备了高度有序的微米级聚苯乙烯（PS）二维胶体晶体。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和紫外可见分光光度计（UV-vis）考察了提拉速率对胶体晶体微观结构的影响。发现液面漩涡法制备二维胶体晶体的过程中存在最佳提拉速率，且其随着PS微球粒径的增大而减小。理论研究表明：提拉速率对毛细管作用力和流体静压力有显著影响。提拉速率达到最佳时，毛细管作用力达到与流体静压力和静电斥力的平衡，此时组装的PS二维胶体晶体质量最高。

英文摘要：

Micron-sized polystyrene （PS） two-dimensional colloidal crystals with highly ordered were fabricated quickly by vortical surface method by controlling lifting rate. The effect of lifting rate on microstructures of colloidal crystal was investigated by SEM and UV-vis spectrometer. It was found that there existed an optimum lifting rate, which decreased with the increase of the diameter of PS microspheres. Theoretical studies showed that capillary force and hydrostatic pressure were obviously affected by lifting rate. When lifting rate was optimal, capillary force would achieve a balance with hydrostatic pressure and electrostatic repulsion force, and at this time the crystalline quality of PS two-dimensional colloidal crystals was optimum.