中文摘要：

梯度接触角是梯度表面张力的反映,固体表面的润湿性由表面化学组成和表面微观形貌共同决定。通过表面化学组成和表面微观形貌的梯度化,可制备接触角变化范围不同的梯度接触角表面。本文综述了梯度接触角表面在液滴移动、微流体流动和生物吸附等领域中的应用。梯度接触角表面具有的不平衡杨氏力是促进液滴移动的主要原因,而表面所产生的接触角滞后则阻碍液滴移动;在生物学领域,梯度接触角表面会造成蛋白质和细胞选择性吸附或黏附。最后,简要探讨了梯度接触角表面存在的问题和发展方向。

英文摘要：

A gradient wettability surface is the one that displays a gradual change in its surface tension along its length.The wettability of solid surfaces is governed by both the surface chemical composition and the geometrical microstructure.In this paper,two ways to fabricate the wettability gradient surfaces,controlling the chemical composition or surface morphology along the surfaces are introduced,and the application of the functional wettability surfaces,such as droplet moving,micro-fluid flow,and biosorption has been presented.The dominant force responsible for drop movement is the unbalanced Young force that results from the difference in wettability between the front and backsides of the drop,and the contact angle hysteresis has a reduced effect on the droplet moving.Generally speaking,the higher the gradient,the faster the droplet moved.The wettability gradient surfaces are also used for control of liquids flow on submillimeter scales.In addition,surface wettability is found to play an important role in biosorption and the difference in protein adsorption behavior can be attributed mainly to the wettability gradient and the type of protein.Problems existed in this research field and prospects of wettability gradient surfaces are also discussed briefly.