中文摘要：

采用最大可能数法（MPN）和变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）解析胜利油田沾3区块注入水和产出液中微生物群落结构组成,采用离子色谱和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱技术分析了油藏地层水的离子组成,从而确定了该区块实施内源微生物激活的基础背景资料。以微生物提高采收率机理为基础,同时考虑在激活过程中抑制有害菌———硫酸盐还原菌的生长繁殖,确立了以激活前后水样中总菌浓的变化、硫酸盐还原菌数量变化和对原油的乳化效果作为主要评价指标进行激活剂效果评价。在单因素实验基础上采用最陡爬坡实验逼近最大响应区域,并成功将Box-Benhnke中心组合实验和响应面分析法应用到激活剂体系各因素的优化组合,最终得到玉米浆干粉0.33 g.（100 ml）-1、磷酸氢二铵0.312 g.（100 ml）-1和硝酸钠0.2 g.（100 ml）-1的激活配方,此时总菌浓达到1.57×108cells.ml-1。

英文摘要：

In order to activate indigenous microorganisms in reservoirs to enhance oil recovery,the compositions of indigenous microbial community in Zhan 3 block were interpreted with the methods of MPN（most probable number）and DGGE（denatured gradient gel electrophoresis）.To get more information,the ionic compositions of the water from oil field were also analyzed by means of ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.In order to evaluate effectively the effect of the activation system,the microflora dynamics of bacteria and SRB in the water sample,the effect of emulsification of crude oil were taken as evaluation indexes.The compositions and concentration ranges of the activation system were selected by means of single-factor test.Based on the single-factor test,the mathematical regression model was established about the dependent variable[corn steep powder,（NH4）2HPO4,NaNO3]and independent variables（the absorption value at 650 nm of the activated water sample）through Box-Benhnken center composite design and response surface methodology.As the final composition of the activation system were corn steep powder 0.33 g·（100 ml）-1,（NH4）2HPO4 0.312 g·（100 ml）-1,NaNO3 0.2 g·（100 ml）-1,the total bacteria concentration was up to 1.57×108cells·ml-1.