中文摘要：

在关于闪电放电的物理过程和在在中国的最后十年的雷雨的电的结构的研究的进步被考察了。由使用开发 theself 的闪电与时间的高度和空间分辨率检测并且定位技术，在在中国的一些代表性的区域的闪电放电的特征和参数被获得了。在闪电活动的观察在 2002-2005 在 Qinghai 西藏的高原第一次被进行，并且雷雨的特殊特征和在高原的闪电活动被揭示。在可见的光的乐队的闪电系列被记录，并且光谱线与原子结构的现代理论的介绍详细被识别。这些技术在上人工地，高度触发了闪电，在严厉电磁的环境下面的相关大小好发展。ofbi 方向性的领导人繁殖在触发的闪电放电期间借助于光学和甚高频放射被观察的证据。一些闪电保护设备用触发技术的人工的闪电被测试了。另外，在闪电活动和天气和气候之间的关联 preliminarily 被学习。

英文摘要：

Progresses in the research on physical processes of lightning discharge and electric structure of thunderstorm in the last decade in China have been reviewed. By using the self-developed lightning detecting and locating techniques with high temporal and spatial resolution, the characteristics and parameters of lightning discharge in some representative areas in China have been obtained. Observations on lightning activity were conducted for the first time in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in 2002-2005, and the special characteristics of the thunderstorm and lightning activity in the plateau were revealed. The lightning spectra in the band of visible light were recorded, and the spectral lines were identified in detail with introduction of modem theories of atomic structure. The techniques on artificially altitude triggered lightning and related measurements under a harsh electromagnetic environment have been well developed. Evidences of bi-directional leader propagation were observed by means of optics and VHF radiation during the triggered lightning discharges. Some lightning protection devices have been tested using the artificial lightning triggering techniques. In addition, the correlation between lightning activities and weather and climate was preliminarily studied.