采用2009年我国287个地级以上城市市区数据,在对人均直接能耗的CO2排放量进行测算的基础上,分析城市居民各项直接能耗碳排放在不同尺度下的空间格局,并探索其影响因素.结果表明:①城市居民人均直接能耗CO2排放量在不同空间尺度上均存在差异:从区域层面看,东北和东部地区高于中部和西部地区,北方地区高于南方地区;从省级层面看,北方高纬度地区的省份高于位置靠南的省份,中部无集中供暖的省份最低;从城市层面看,北方纬度较高的寒冷地区以及珠三角地区的城市高于其他城市;②城市居民人均直接能耗CO2排放在结构上亦存在空间差异:北方城市以集中供暖和电为主,南方城市以电和交通为主;东北地区城市以集中供暖为主,东部城市以电及交通为主,而中部和西部地区城市各项构成相对均匀;③人均直接能耗CO2排放在经济和气候因素的作用下,分别呈现出东西向、南北向的空间差异,城市规模的不同使城市居民人均交通CO2排放有所不同.
Based on statistical data of the year 2009, the amount of CO2 emissions from residents" direct energy consumption was estimated in each prefectural--level cities in China. CO2 emissions at different scales of spatial pattern and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results are as follows. There are distribution differences in the quantity of urban residents' CO2 emissions per capita from direct energy consumption at different spatial scales. From the regional perspective, the northeast and east regions are more than those in the central and western regions, the north more than the south. From the provincial perspective, the provinces in the northern high latitudes are more than those in south, the four central provinces without central heating are lowest. From the city level, the cities in the northern higher latitudes and the Pearl River Delta are more than other cities. There are also distribution differences in the structure of urban residents' CO2 emissions per capita at different spatial scales. Northern cities are dominated by central heating and power, southern cities by power and transportation, northeast cities by the main central heating, east cities by power and transportation, and cities in central and western areas are of relatively homogeneous composition. Urban residents' CO2 emissions per capita from direct energy consumption show spatial differences in the direction of east-west and north--south in the role of economy and climatic. Urban size influences the quantity of CO2 emissions per capita from transportation.