中文摘要：

时间生物学主要是研究生物体内生理和行为的时间机制的学科，而这种机制主要是由生物钟调控的。研究表明，营养代谢的各个方面如葡萄糖转运、糖原异生、脂质合成及降解、氧化磷酸化等作用都受到生物钟核心转录机制的调控，并具有时间敏感性；相反，代谢信号也可以反馈调节生物钟系统，包括生物钟基因表达和行为活动。生物钟的紊乱会造成诸如心血管疾病、肥胖、糖尿病等多种疾病。本文从代谢与生物钟的相互关系、各类营养信号和营养素对生物钟的作用以及生物钟与营养代谢相关疾病的关系等多方面综述了哺乳动物营养代谢的时间生物学研究进展。

英文摘要：

Chronobiology is focused on the time mechanism of physiology and behavior which are mainly regulated by the circadian clock. Metabolic processes such as glucose transport to gluconeogenesis, adipogenesis, lipolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are controlled through overlapping transcription networks that are tied to the clock and are thus time sensitive. Conversely, metabolic signals also feed back into the circadian system, modulating circadian gene expression and behavior. Dysregulation of circadian rhythms can contribute to various diseases like cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. This article briefly reviewed the researches on the interactions between circadian clock and metabolism and nutrition by the relationship between them, the effect of several kinds of nutrition signals and nutrients on biological clock, and the connection of biological clock and metabolic disorders.