中文摘要：

在相同的乳胶基质内分别添加2%、3%、4%、5%的空心玻璃微球,2%、3%、4%、5%的膨胀珍珠岩和0.10%、0.15%、0.20%、0.25%的化学发泡剂制备了3组乳化炸药。测试了各组乳化炸药未受压时和受冲击波动态压缩作用之后的水下爆炸冲击波,以波峰值计算他们的压力减敏度。比较了各组乳化炸药的压力减敏度大小,分析了密度对乳化炸药压力减敏的影响。结果表明：密度较大的乳化炸药压力减敏度较小,膨胀珍珠岩或化学发泡剂的添加量越大,乳化炸药越容易产生压力减敏作用;空心玻璃微球的添加量由2%增加到4%,乳化炸药的压力减敏度增加,但当空心玻璃微球的添加量由4%增加到5%后,乳化炸药的压力减敏度反而减小。密度对乳化炸药压力减敏影响的主要原因在于密度调整剂周围的乳胶基质破乳。

英文摘要：

Three groups of emulsion explosives were made of the same emulsion matrix mixed with 2%,3%,4% and 5% by the mass of hollow glass microspheres respectively in group 1,and with 2%,3%,4% and 5% by the mass of expanded perlite respectively in group two,and with 0.10%,0.15%,0.20% and 0.25% by the mass of chemical foaming agent in group 3.The explosion shock waves of all the emulsion explosives in every group were tested in water in two cases that when they were not pressed and after they were compressed by shock waves which were produced by the host charge underwater,and their pressure desensitization degrees were calculated with the peak pressure values of tested shock waves.The pressure desensitization degrees of the emulsion explosives in every group were compared and the influence of their density on the pressure desensitization was analyzed.An emulsion explosive with higher density has a lower pressure desensitization degree.The higher the mass content of expanded perlite or chemical foaming agent mixed with emulsion matrix,the more easily the pressure desensitization of the emulsion explosive occurs.When the mass content of hollow glass microspheres mixed with emulsion matrix increases from 2% to 4%,the pressure desensitization degree of the emulsion explosive increases.But the mass content of hollow glass microspheres mixed with emulsion matrix increases from 4% to 5%,the pressure desensitization degree of the emulsion explosive decreases.Emulsion explosive density influencing its pressure desensitization is mainly due to the emulsion breakage around the density regulator particulates.