中文摘要：

成对关系是人际关系和人际互动的最基本的单元,对成对关系的测量得到的成对数据具有人际关系的互依性特点,这种互依性往往体现在对象效应上。考虑到数据的互依性以及同时估计行动者效应和对象效应的行动者-对象互依性模型（APIM）是一种相对简单但很有吸引力的指导分析的模型。成对数据中根据数据的变异源分为三种变量;根据是否存在可区分开成对关系中的双方的变量而分为可区分和不可区分的数据;成对数据的分析往往开始于互依性程度的检验;在独立性不能得到满足的情况下,考虑是否可区分,则可以采用联合回归、多水平模型,结构方程建模的方法,对APIM中的各个效应进行估计。其中,尤为详细地介绍了使用LISREL软件进行结构方程建模分析的方法。

英文摘要：

The dyad is the fundamental unit of interpersonal interaction and interpersonal relations,and the phenomenon laying the dyad is an important topic in social science.The data collected from the dyad is characterized with the interdependence feature of interpersonal relationship,which manifests in the target effect and attracts researches＇ interests.The actor-partner interdependence model （APIM） is a simple yet compelling model of dyadic data,which takes the interdependence into consideration and estimates actor effect and target effect simultaneously.There are three kinds of variables according to the sources of variance,between-dyads variables,within-dyads variables and mix variables,and data can be distinct into exchangeable and non-exchangeable one depending on distinguishing variable existing or not.Dyadic data analysis always begins with an analysis of the degree of nonindependence.Then three methods can be used to estimate the effects,pooled regression,multilevel modeling,and structural equation modeling.Next,we illustrate the analysis with LISREL computer program for APIM path analysis without or with latent variables.Finally,the applications of APIM are brief reviewed and future development and implications for relationship research in China are presented.