系统采集了中国10个主要沙漠或沙地(塔克拉玛干沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠、腾格里沙漠、柴达木沙漠、毛乌素沙漠、库布齐沙漠、古尔班通古特沙漠、浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地和呼伦贝尔沙地)样品,并在黄土高原西峰、环县和洛川剖面采集了马兰黄土(L1)样品。通过选择合适的粒级和样品处理方法,对样品酸不溶物进行了Nd和Sr同位素组成的测定。测定结果表明,中国10个沙漠或沙地的Nd同位素组成εNd(O)的变化范围大,为-1.2- -17.2。根据Nd同位素组成范围,10个沙漠或沙地的εNd(0)从高到低可以分为4个区域:Al:古尔班通古特沙漠和呼伦贝尔沙地(-1.2~-4.0);A2:浑善达克沙地和科尔沁沙地(-4.4- -7.0);B:塔克拉玛干沙漠、柴达木沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠(-7.4- -11.7);C:毛乌素沙漠和库布齐沙漠(-11.8- -17.2)。中国沙漠Nd同位素组成的分区性与中国北方的大地构造和山脉分布密切相关,并表明中国沙漠具有近源性,即沙漠物质主要来源于其邻近周围的山脉和基底岩石的风化侵蚀。通过对比,黄土高原黄土Nd和Sr同位素组成与柴达木沙漠和阿拉善高原的沙漠(腾格里和巴丹吉林沙漠)相同,而与其他沙漠不同。塔克拉玛干沙漠碳同位素组成为0.19%o~0.62%0;柴达木沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠和黄土高原马兰黄土碳同位素组成都落在1.20‰~2.40‰之内。黄土高原马兰黄土碳同位素组成与柴达木沙漠和巴丹吉林沙漠相类似,而与塔克拉玛干沙漠不同。本次研究为Liueta1.(1996)的推论,即黄土高原黄土物质最终来源于青藏高原东北缘,提供了一个有力的同位素证据。
A Nd and Sr isotopic compositions of ten Chinese deserts (the Taklimakan Desert, the Gurbanttinggiit Desert, the Qaidam Desert, the Badain Jaran Desert, the Tengger Desert, the Hobq Desert, the Man Us Desert, the Onqin Daga sandy land, the Horqin sandy land, and the Hunlun Buir sandy land) and L1 loess of three sections in the Loess Plateau have be investigated by selecting suitable grain size and sample treatment method. The results show that the change range of εNd(0) values of the ten deserts is great, from - 1.2 to - 17.2. And their εNd(0) values are characterized by local change. Based on Nd isotopic compositions, the ten deserts can be divided into four regions: (1) the Gurbantiinggat Desert and the Hunlun Buir sandy land ( - 1.2-- -4. 0), (2) the Onqin Daga sandy land and the Horqin sandy land ( -4. 4-- -7. 0), (B) the Taklimakan Desert, the Qaidam Desert, the Badain Jaran Desert and the Tengger Desert ( -7.4-- - 11.7), and (4) the Hobq Desert and the Mau Us Desert ( - 11.8-- - 17.2). The local characteristics of the Nd and Sr isotopes of the Chinese deserts is related to the distribution of mountain ranges and tectonics, and the source materials may be derived from in situ weathering of rocks around the mountains. The Nd and Sr isotopic compositions of the loess on the central Loess Plateau are identical to those of the Badain Jaran Desert, the Tengger Desert and the Qaidam Desert. This implies that the loess on the central Loess Plateau, the Badain Jaran Desert and the Tengger Desert has same source region, i.e. northeastern part of the Xizang-Qinghai Plateau where the Qaidam Desert is located.