中文摘要：

氧气在环境胁迫强的高浓度乙醇发酵中具有重要作用。考察了自絮凝酿酒酵母在多种通气策略下的乙醇发酵及絮凝状况。使用氧化还原电位（ORP）检测发酵液中氧浓度并划分了厌氧、微氧和好氧状态。厌氧条件下的终点乙醇浓度最低（119±1．5g／L）；微氧条件下使用0RP精密控制氧气供给取得较高的乙醇浓度（131±1．8和125±1．7g／L）；在通气量0．2VVIN的好氧条件下，生物量、甘油量和乙醇损失皆最大，与最优收率相比较乙醇收率降低了12．2％。高通气量增强了细胞的絮凝能力，增大了絮凝体粒径。绘制雷达图进行综合评价，恒定通气0．05VVIN的过程在乙醇生产和絮凝各方面表现均突出。

英文摘要：

Under very high gravity （VHG） ethanol fermentation, aeration is an essential operation parameter for yeast cell to improve the performance of ethanol production. Flocculating yeast was used to convert 300 g glucose/L medium under 5 aeration schemes, including non-aeration, controlled-aeration regulated by redox potential （ORP） at -150 mV and -100 mV, constant aeration by pumping air at the rate of 0.05 vvm and 0. 2 vvm. ORP was monitored under all conditions and taken as a criterion to distinct anaerobic, microaerobic and aeraobic conditions. The results showed that anaerobic fermentation produced the least ethanol （ 119 ± 1.5 g/L） and left the highest glucose in 72 h. Microaerobic fermentation achieved the accurate air supply depending on the real-time cell oxygen demand, which lead to higher ethanol concentration （131 ± 1.8 125 ± 1.7 g/L）. Aerobic fermentation brought about a quick biomass formation, and corresponding fast substrate utilization. However, too large aeration rate like 0.2 vvm caused the low yield （decreased by 12.2% ） due to the huge formation of biomass and by-product such as glycerol. On the other hand, the lost of ethanol by air flow was highest under this condition. Moreover, it was observed that the flocculation quantified was promoted by increasing the air supply. In order to undertake a comprehensive evaluation for ethanol production and flocculation characteristic under different aeration schemes, a series of radar plots were illustrated based on data normalization. Constant aeration at 0.05 vvm was the preferable aeration condition thanks to its performance balance at all investigated aspects.