中文摘要：

在回顾国内学者利用2DGIS空间分析功能研究地震与活动断裂关系的基础上，认为利用3DGIS更能准确地分析地震与活动断裂之间的三维空间关系。采用中国地震活动断层探测技术系统设计的数据结构，在ArcGIS下构建了三维断层模型，尝试性地提出了基于三维断层模型的三维空间缓冲区模型；并利用向量判别法实现了三维缓冲区的空间分析，进而实现了地震与活动断裂三维空间关系的分析方法，基于该模型对太原市区内主要断裂与地震的空间分布关系进行了初步定量分析研究。

英文摘要：

Nowadays,as the information is highly advanced,the visualization in scientific computing（VISC） is developing rapidly and the three-dimensional Geographic Information System （3 D GIS）also becomes one of the hot topics of GIS research. The 3D geological modeling,which is closely related to the VISC and 3D GIS,has drawn more and more attention of domestic and foreign experts and scholars; it has been highly desirable to resolve the complex geological problems in a 3D space. In view of the above research topic and combining the project of Taiyuan Active fault Survey and Seismic Risk Assessment,the 3D space database of shallow seismic survey is established based on the detailed analysis and sorting of a large amount of exploration data in this paper. The algorithm of the 3D geological model is also designed by use of ArcGIS＇s powerful 3D displaying function, and then the program is developed using the AOVAB. Based on the 3D geological modeling technology which com- bines the VISC and 3D GIS, the 3D geological visualization model is developed for the Quaternary stratigraphic sections and fault profiles within the Taiyuan active fault survey area,and the 3D buffer model is also tried to be established under the ArcGIS environment in view of the 3D fault model. The statistical analysis of active fault data and seismic data is carried out, and the relationship between ac- tive faults and spatial distribution of earthquakes is studied. This study accomplished the 3D geological model for the Quaternary stratigraphic sections, fault profiles and 3D space buffer within the Taiyuan active fault survey area,and carried out the analysis of the relationship between faults and spatial distribution of historic earthquakes based on this model. These results have significance for theoretical and scientific studies, and can provide reference to ac- tive faults survey in other cities in the future.